Monocular cues are any depth cues that are available to either eye separately. Examples include relative size (smaller objects seem farther away), interposition (if one object blocks another it seems closer), and relative clarity (hazy objects seem farther away then sharp/clear ones).
The first image is an example of relative size. The book in the back seems smaller than the other one, but they are actually the exact same size. The change in depth has skewed the brain's perception of size.
The second image is an example of linear perspective. The parallel lines of the road appear to come together due to their distance. The distance is perceived as very far when this illusion occurs.
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